| CODE | MDS1031 | ||||||||
| TITLE | Muscoloskeletal - Back and Lower Limbs | ||||||||
| UM LEVEL | 01 - Year 1 in Modular Undergraduate Course | ||||||||
| MQF LEVEL | 5 | ||||||||
| ECTS CREDITS | 4 | ||||||||
| DEPARTMENT | Faculty of Medicine and Surgery | ||||||||
| DESCRIPTION | This study-unit highlights the functional inter-relationships among bones, joints, the muscles, and nerves to form units responsible for the movements of the body as this relates to the back and the lower limbs. In addition to lectures, the study unit examines the musculoskeletal structures using prosected specimens in a cadaver lab, imaging, clinical examination in living individuals (the students themselves as volunteers – Clinical Skills sessions) intending to form a sound basis for clinical practice and possibly computer laboratories. During these sessions students are taught to identify structures and relate these to function both in the cadaver lab, relating to the surgical environment and in the imaging and live examination environments relating to clinical situations. Guides may be provided to indicate to students what they should be covering. Critical Thinking Sessions, which are based on carefully selected clinical cases are intended to stimulate the student to think and discuss critically the presented problems with their tutor and to understand and apply basic scientific knowledge and principles required to deal with related clinical cases as well as ethical, behavioural and professional principles. The common features of these learning sessions are that they involve active participation, are student centred and conducive to independent learning as a prelude to continuing life-long education. Study-Unit Aims: This study-unit aims to provide: - A good functional knowledge of the structure and function of the musculoskeletal system, including the muscles, nerves and joints involved in movement and sensation in the lower limbs. - A foundation for the development of the skills of clinical examination of movements of the lower limbs. - An understanding of the anatomical and physiological basis of common clinical conditions involving the musculoskeletal system, as recognised by defects in movement, sensation or blood supply. Learning Outcomes: 1. Knowledge & Understanding: By the end of the study-unit the student will be able to: - Describe the structure and important inter-relations of the bones, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels, particularly at clinically important sites where common or serious injuries occur. - Explain the anatomical and physiological basis of clinical conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system, particularly traumatic and clinically relevant ones. 2. Skills: By the end of the study-unit the student will be able to: - Identify on radiographs, CT scans and MRIs the bones, joints and vascular structures of the lower limbs. - Name the movements of the body in the lower limbs and back, and the muscles, nerves, and joints responsible for them in an individual. - Demonstrate on individuals the muscles and movements of the joints of the lower limbs, and test nerves supplying them and the major limb reflexes. - Perform a clinical examination of the joints of the lower limbs. - Map out the dermatomes and myotomes of the lower limbs. - Interpret the motor and sensory consequences of damage or injury to the nerves of the lower limbs, and more importantly individual nerve roots and be able to distinguish between them. - Palpate the pulses of the main arteries of the lower limbs and discuss the consequences of ischaemia due to obstruction/injury especially at clinically relevant sites. Main Text/s and any supplementary readings: Main Texts For Anatomy: - WINESKI LE. Snell's Clinical Anatomy by Regions. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2018, 10th edition. [ISBN-13 : 9781496345646] - DRAKE R, VOGL W, MITCHELL AWM. Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Elsevier. 2020 4th Addition {ISBN9780323393041} - SPRATT J, SALKOWSKI L, LOUKAS M, TURMEZEI T, WEIR J, ABRAHAMS P. Weir & Abrahams' Imaging Atlas of Human Anatomy. Elsevier, 2020, 6th edition. [ISBN: 9780702079269] - YOUNG B, O’DOWD G, WOODFORF P. Wheater's Functional Histology: A Text and Colour Atlas. Churchill Livingstone, 2013, 6th edition. [ISBN-13: 9780702047473] |
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| ADDITIONAL NOTES | Pre-requisite Qualifications: Entry requirements for MD Course Pre-requisite Study-units: All MD study-units are compulsory |
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| STUDY-UNIT TYPE | Lecture, Independent Study, Project and Tutorial | ||||||||
| METHOD OF ASSESSMENT |
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| LECTURER/S | Luc Fiorini Tonio P. Agius Marie Therese Camilleri Podesta' Sarah Cuschieri Jacob Vella |
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The University makes every effort to ensure that the published Courses Plans, Programmes of Study and Study-Unit information are complete and up-to-date at the time of publication. The University reserves the right to make changes in case errors are detected after publication.
The availability of optional units may be subject to timetabling constraints. Units not attracting a sufficient number of registrations may be withdrawn without notice. It should be noted that all the information in the description above applies to study-units available during the academic year 2023/4. It may be subject to change in subsequent years. |
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