Acute leukaemia

Abstract

Acute leukaemia manifests itself into two different types being Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia (ALL) and Acute Myelogenous Leukaemia (AML) depending on the type of leukocyte being affected. ALL raises a lot of concern since it is the most common type of leukaemia found in children while CML is the most common type of leukaemia in the United States. This study shows the epidemiology, the etiology, such as chromosomal aberrations and gene mutations and the clinical presentations consisting of both signs and symptoms. It also includes how these types of leukaemia are diagnosed as well as their pathophysiology which comprises detailed description of the alterations in various cellular mechanisms. Finally, the treatment involving both chemotherapy and stem cell therapy, amongst others, has also been discussed.