Organic agriculture and insect biodiversity

Abstract

The main aim of this study is to evaluate whether organic agriculture in Malta depends on ecological balances to optimise biological processes. This was done by studying the diversity of insect varieties present in a particular field of a chosen set of orders. Techniques used by organic growers were also analysed so as to be able to compare the relationship between insect biodiversity and methods used. The attitudes of organic growers towards insect biodiversity to control populations were also studied. A group of six organic growers were verbally interviewed so as to get a clear picture whether Maltese growers are being compliant with techniques recommended to control insect biodiversity. A more detailed study was then carried out by monitoring one particular field in order to be able to identify the barriers that lead to non-compliance. A population of one hundred and fifty consumers were also interviewed so as to be able to compare the principles of organic agriculture held by both growers and consumers. Consumers were divided into seventy five locals and seventy five tourists in order to note the differences between the level of knowledge of the local and foreign populations. Furthermore, insect biodiversity present in local fields was studied by concentrating on a particular set of insect families and through weekly field visits, insects belonging to the particular families were collected. Their ecology and their role in agriculture were observed. Finally this study elucidates some ways on how organic agriculture can be promoted more in the Maltese islands and how can the barrier of lack of knowledge on farming practices can be eliminated.