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DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Adriaenssens, Niels | - |
dc.contributor.author | Coenen, Samuel | - |
dc.contributor.author | Versporten, Ann | - |
dc.contributor.author | Muller, Arno | - |
dc.contributor.author | Minalu, Girma | - |
dc.contributor.author | Faes, Christel | - |
dc.contributor.author | Vankerckhoven, Vanessa | - |
dc.contributor.author | Aerts, Marc | - |
dc.contributor.author | Hens, Niel | - |
dc.contributor.author | Molenberghs, Geert | - |
dc.contributor.author | Goossens, Herman | - |
dc.contributor.author | Zarb, Peter | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2022-09-20T06:17:24Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2022-09-20T06:17:24Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2011 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Adriaenssens, N., Coenen, S., Versporten, A., Muller, A., Minalu, G., … & Goossens, H. (2011). European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): quality appraisal of antibiotic use in Europe. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 66(suppl_6), vi37-vi45. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.uri | https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/101857 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Background: Data on more than a decade of outpatient macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin (MLS) use in Europe were collected from 33 countries within the European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC) project, funded by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), using the WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC)/defined daily dose (DDD) methodology. Methods: For the period 1997–2009, data on outpatient use of systemic MLS aggregated at the level of the active substance were collected and expressed in DDD (WHO, version 2011) per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID). Using a classification based on mean plasma elimination half-life, macrolide use was analysed for trends over time, seasonal variation and composition. Results: Total outpatient MLS use in 2009 varied by a factor of 18 between the countries with highest (11.5 DID in Greece) and lowest (0.6 DID in Sweden) use. MLS use showed high seasonal variation. Short-, intermediateand long-acting macrolides were the most commonly used agents in 2, 25 and 5 countries, respectively (mainly erythromycin, clarithromycin and azithromycin, respectively). In Sweden, mainly lincosamides (clindamycin) were used. Lincosamide use was observed in all countries, while substantial use of a streptogramin was only seen in France (pristinamycin). For Europe, a significant increase in outpatient MLS use was found, as well as a significant seasonal variation, which increased over time from 1997 to 2009. Relative use of longacting macrolides and lincosamides significantly increased over time with respect to intermediate-acting macrolides, and relative use of the latter increased with respect to short-acting macrolides. Conclusions: The observed differences between European countries in the levels of MLS use and the extreme seasonal variations in their use suggest that this subgroup of antibiotics is still prescribed inappropriately in many countries. | en_GB |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | Oxford University Press | en_GB |
dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | en_GB |
dc.subject | Antibiotics | en_GB |
dc.subject | Drug utilization | en_GB |
dc.subject | Pharmacoepidemiology | en_GB |
dc.subject | Ambulatory medical care -- Case studies | en_GB |
dc.title | European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): outpatient macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin (MLS) use in Europe (1997–2009) | en_GB |
dc.type | article | en_GB |
dc.rights.holder | The copyright of this work belongs to the author(s)/publisher. The rights of this work are as defined by the appropriate Copyright Legislation or as modified by any successive legislation. Users may access this work and can make use of the information contained in accordance with the Copyright Legislation provided that the author must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the prior permission of the copyright holder | en_GB |
dc.contributor.corpauthor | ESAC Project Group | en_GB |
dc.description.reviewed | peer-reviewed | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1093/jac/dkr456 | - |
dc.publication.title | Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy | en_GB |
Appears in Collections: | Scholarly Works - FacM&SPat |
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File | Description | Size | Format | |
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European_surveillance_of_antimicrobial_consumption_4.pdf | 426.08 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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