Investigating engagement with nature in the Maltese islands

Abstract

In the present-day context of increasing urbanisation, human opportunities for interaction with nature appear to be more limited than they were in the past. Nevertheless, it has been argued that any type of nature contact, be it intentional, incidental, or indirect, has positive impacts on one’s wellbeing and can be considered a vital element in our lives. Although there exists a substantial body of research on human engagement with nature, there is limited literature exploring the different types of nature contact, particularly locally. This study examined the Maltese adult population’s engagement with nature, through intentional, incidental, and indirect interactions. Data was gathered via an online survey targeted at adult individuals residing in Malta and Gozo. A key finding was that only a quarter of respondents intentionally engage with nature on a regular basis. Interactions with nature are also generally intentional or incidental, with few engaging in indirect activities. This research also confirmed positive associations noted in literature between nature engagement and self-reported physical and mental health benefits. Additionally, stronger nature connectedness was observed in individuals that interact with nature on a more regular basis. However, the study revealed differences related to participants’ place of residence, underlining the effect of geographical factors on people’s preferences for nature contact.