Challenges in forensic toxicology

Abstract

The scope of forensic toxicology has grown. Forensic experts continue to face diverse challenges. Expertise in Toxicology is fundamental in lowering the health risks to humans surfacing from chemicals and drugs. Toxicological assessment is needed to evaluate evidence and arguments, whether or not there is a scientific basis for concern. Training courses play an important role in sustaining or redirecting a career in the face of rapid changes. The primary aim of this study was to identify the challenges in Forensic Toxicology in Malta and highlight the importance of training courses for forensic experts and stakeholders outside the field. The study utilised a qualitative approach. Both primary and secondary data were obtained for this study. The study commenced by obtaining secondary data through literature review on the challenges in Forensic Toxicology. It was used to formulate the interview questions. The primary data was obtained through key informant interviews. The interview questions were semi-structured, and open-ended for the participants to express their answers freely to the questions presented to them and allow them to elaborate on details, communicate thoughts, and provide opinions on the subject matter. There were three (3) challenges obtained from literature review such as the emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPS), different laboratory guidelines, and cognitive bias. However, when the participants of the interviews were asked about the concerns on the current practice of forensic toxicology, there were 3 additional challenges that emerged, namely: Lack of national laboratory, financial Feasibility, and difficulty in finding a competent staff. On an international scale, there are various challenges in the field of forensic toxicology. Currently, it will be difficult to address the challenges of forensic toxicology in Malta. This study would help in highlighting the challenges outlined as there is need for the involvement of government and judiciary in order to accomplish the initiatives outlined in this study.