Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Abstract

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a heart disease that enlarges the heart muscle and reduces its function, leading to heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death. The causes of DCM are not always clear, but may include genetic mutations, viral infections, alcohol abuse, and certain medications. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling, and irregular heartbeats. Diagnosis involves physical exams, ECGs, echocardiograms, and additional tests to identify underlying causes. Treatment includes medication, such as ACE inhibitors and beta blockers, to improve heart function, diuretics to reduce fluid buildup, and anticoagulants to prevent blood clots. Surgery or implantable devices, like pacemakers or defibrillators, may be necessary. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing DCM, and many individuals with DCM can lead full and active lives with proper treatment and lifestyle changes.