Bone enhancement for implant placement in partially edentulous patients

Abstract

Localized defects on the alveolar ridge can occur from bone resorption following trauma or tooth extraction, particularly in the presence of periodontal disease or developmental defects. These defects, together with anatomical anomalies associated with the mandibular nerve, nasal fossae or maxillary sinus, can result in insufficient bone volume. Such a finding may compromise the longevity of a dental implant, dictate improper implant angulation or preclude implant placement entirely. With varying degrees of success, different replacement graft materials and surgical techniques have been used for bone regeneration procedures in partially edentulous patients. This paper will discuss the features, advantages and disadvantages of current graft materials and surgical techniques.