Harnessing the power of ChatGPT for mastering the maltese language : a journey of breaking barriers and charting new paths

Abstract

The language model, Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT), which is a cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) technology developed by OpenAI, employs deep learning algorithms to generate human-like text. Despite its recent popularity, ChatGPT is expected to play an increasingly important role in shaping the future of technology and AI. This study used a mixed methods approach to assess the effectiveness of ChatGPT in facilitating the learning of Maltese for 41 international multilingual adult students and to explore their experiences and perceptions of using ChatGPT to learn Maltese. The participants used ChatGPT for a period of two weeks to support their Maltese learning and completed a survey to evaluate their experience and the usefulness of the tool in the Maltese learning process. An online focus group approach was employed, in which the participants discussed their use of ChatGPT for Maltese learning. According to the findings, ChatGPT had some limitations when it came to providing accurate information related to Maltese grammar and vocabulary, and sometimes produced non-existent words or incorrect answers. Additionally, the tool struggled to comprehend and respond to Maltese questions and statements. Participants also noted that ChatGPT had limitations in supporting grammar, vocabulary, creating dialogues or stories, translation, summarization, proofreading, and conversational practice, especially when compared to its effectiveness in assisting with the learning of the English language. Despite 98% of the participants indicating that ChatGPT lacked cultural context in the survey, a Palestinian participant was able to persuade others during the focus group session by demonstrating how the tool was helpful in understanding Malta's cultural context. Furthermore, ChatGPT does not provide immediate feedback to allow Maltese students to quickly correct errors and improve their language skills. The study highlights the need for improvement in the training of ChatGPT on the Maltese language, as well as collaboration with Maltese language and AI experts, to better meet the needs of Maltese students. The findings have important implications for the design and implementation of language learning programs and for the development and deployment of language learning tools for less widely spoken languages like Maltese.