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DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Vassallo, Nicole | - |
dc.contributor.author | Refalo, Paul | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2024-02-29T13:06:03Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2024-02-29T13:06:03Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2024 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Vassallo, N., & Refalo, P., (2024). Reducing the Environmental Impacts of Plastic Cosmetic Packaging: A Multi-Attribute Life Cycle Assessment. Cosmetics, 11(2), 34. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.uri | https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/119162 | - |
dc.description.abstract | The global packaging industry has been growing significantly, resulting in an increase in waste and emissions. Social responsibilities, regulations and targets are shifting companies’ priorities to various sustainable practices. This study comprised a life cycle assessment (LCA) to quantify and compare key initiatives influencing the sustainability of plastic cosmetic packaging. The life cycle environmental effects of dematerialisation, recycled content, energy-saving initiatives and renewable energy powering the manufacturing processes, and the end-of-life (EoL) recycling rates of various scenarios, were evaluated. Moreover, a variety of fossil-based and bio-based polymers, such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), wood–polymer composite (WPC) and polylactic acid (PLA), were considered. The study determined that dematerialisation and recycled content had the most beneficial impacts on packaging sustainability. When 100% recycled materials were used, an overall impact reduction of 42–60% was noted for all the materials considered. Using 100% renewable energy and applying measures to reduce the energy consumption in the manufacturing stage by 50% reduced the total impact by approximately 9–17% and 7–13%, respectively. Furthermore, it was concluded that PP had the lowest environmental impacts in the majority of the case scenarios considered, by an average of 46%. | en_GB |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | MDPI AG | en_GB |
dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | en_GB |
dc.subject | Sustainability | en_GB |
dc.subject | Recycled products | en_GB |
dc.subject | Cosmetics industry | en_GB |
dc.subject | Environmental impact analysis | en_GB |
dc.subject | Product life cycle -- Environmental aspects | en_GB |
dc.subject | Renewable energy sources -- Environmental aspects | en_GB |
dc.title | Reducing the environmental impacts of plastic cosmetic packaging : a multi-attribute life cycle assessment | en_GB |
dc.type | article | en_GB |
dc.rights.holder | The copyright of this work belongs to the author(s)/publisher. The rights of this work are as defined by the appropriate Copyright Legislation or as modified by any successive legislation. Users may access this work and can make use of the information contained in accordance with the Copyright Legislation provided that the author must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the prior permission of the copyright holder | en_GB |
dc.description.reviewed | peer-reviewed | en_GB |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3390/cosmetics11020034 | - |
dc.publication.title | Cosmetics | en_GB |
Appears in Collections: | Scholarly Works - FacEngIME |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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Reducing_the_environmental_impacts_of_plastic_cosmetic_packaging.pdf | 3.04 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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