Aggravation of hyperthyroidism following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 mRNA vaccine booster administration in a patient with Graves’ disease

Abstract

The interrelationship between thyroid dysfunction and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination was documented in several case reports during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article reports a case of aggravation of hyperthyroidism following the administration of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine booster in a 30-year-old woman with active Graves’ disease. Before her vaccine booster was given, the patient was clinically and biochemically euthyroid on a stable low dose of antithyroid drug. However, following vaccine administration, she had a persistently suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone level coupled with an increase in dose requirements for antithyroid drugs, suggesting aggravation of her pre-existing Graves’ disease.