Potential organic binders to replace the cement content in reconstituted limestone production

Abstract

At the University of Malta, an innovative approach is being developed to produce engineered masonry stones using limestone waste, Ordinary Portland Cement, and water. This process employs a circular process where construction materials are reused within the industry, recycling limestone whilst creating a more sustainable stone. However, the cement content gives these reconstituted limestone elements an undesired high carbon footprint, contributing to carbon emissions and environmental harm associated with cement production. The primary objective of this study is to find a suitable organic binder to replace the cement content in the reconstituted limestone production. The binder was selected for this research is Cascamite, a cold setting organic, resin-based adhesive. This binder was selected following comprehensive research on its ability to replace the cement in the mix, whilst drastically reducing the carbon footprint of the resultant product. This makes the produced reconstituted limestone much more sustainable and environmentally friendly. The results obtained were analysed regarding workability, compressive strength, and durability. These were compared to previous research to understand if the binder can be used as a substitute for Ordinary Portland Cement in the production of reconstituted limestone. Results revealed that the binder chosen can produce strong reconstituted stone, with load bearing compressive strengths. However, the resultant durability was not satisfactory.