The cat and the rat sleep together an in-depth analysis of the factors that influence corruption in Malta

Abstract

This study explored the factors that influence corruption in the local setting. Further to the presentation of the anti-corruption policies, institutions and dimensions that characterise the Maltese landscape, literature then focused on two major dimensions: the first, endogenous factors such as traits and behaviours; and the second, exogenous factors such as economic, democratic, institutional, legal, social and cultural variables. A model based on the literature was drawn and its applicability and generalisability to the understanding of corruption in Malta was examined. The experiences of ten participants were recorded through the use of an in-depth interview. The main themes that emerged include a number of traits and behaviours such as the need for achievement, locus of control, self-efficacy as well as risk-taking behaviour and other forms of social learning, amongst others. Furthermore, such traits and behaviours occur within a particular context, influenced by one’s social and cultural environment, legal and institutional considerations, as well as Malta’s political and economic climate, all against the principally important dimension of smallness. The implications of the findings highlight critical factors central to the understanding of corruption in the local setting, as well as the importance of creating the right framework for its respective redress.