A framework for emergencymanagement infrastructure supported by geographic information systems. The case of Malta

Abstract

When a disaster strikes the key factors that save lives, resources and critical infrastructure are identified through these questions: where and how has the damage occurred; what and who has been affected; how to reach them; and what do they need and who can provide it? All the information about places, people and resourcestied to a location are known as geospatial information (Folger, 2009). Easy access to current and reliable geospatial information is crucial to managing disasters in any emergency situation. However, when a disaster strikes the participants involved usually need to face inaccurate, out of date and defragmented data from different sources and formats. They also have to face lack of data that seriously impede them in making appropriate decisions under time pressure (Gibbs, et al., 2005). The ability to make effective timely decisions to combat emergencies and disasters is clearly linked with the availability, integration and interoperability of high quality geospatial data at all levels of governance and this can be achieved through Geographic Information System (GIS) solutions (Cutter, 2003).