Osteoporotic hip fractures : three-year follow-up mortality rate in Malta

Abstract

Introduction: Primary osteoporosis is a major factor in fragility hip fractures. The index fracture is loaded with morbidity and increased mortality in these very fragile patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the mortality rate after 3 months, 1 year and 3 years post hip fracture with possible identification of any relationship between different hip fracture types and mortality. Method: A retrospective analysis of all hip fracture patients admitted to Mater Dei Hospital, from January to December 2011 was performed. Data was gathered from the operating theatre notes, the patient archiving and communication system and the electronic case summary software. The mortality data was achieved from the National Mortality Registry. Statistical analysis was performed. Results: Out of 281 patients with a hip fracture, 47% died (mortality group) within 3 years with a female predominance (68.9%). Within the mortality group, sustaining an intertrochanteric fracture exhibited a statistical difference between the females and males. Within 90 days of a hip fracture, the mortality rate was of 12.8% with the majority of the patients sustaining an intertrochanteric. The median survival period following hip fractures was 190 days for subcapital, 297 days for intertrochanteric and 427 days for subtrochanteric fractures. Conclusion: The mortality rate in our study compares well with the published results of similar studies. A team effort aimed at giving the best possible care and minimize the morbidity and mortality should be endeavored. This should encompass the whole pathway, starting with prevention and finishing with appropriate community care after hospital discharge.