Fishery management within China’s Jurisdiction

Abstract

Fishery resource serves as a major for food supply for human necessities. Especially a country like China. China have a long coastline, and human settlements are intensive at coastal area. How does China manage the relationship with the fishery resource is extremely essential to our survival. Exploitation of fishery resources has changed from the status of being less exploited, fully exploited, over exploited to the status of being depleted, so fishery management plays a great part for it. In fishery management, four different phases are normally experienced, first is free fishing, then controls for input, controls for input and output, and the latest method--ecosystem based fishery management(EBFM). While confront with the characteristics of fishery resources, the characteristics of fishery marine ecosystems (dynamic and complex) and the rising fishing activities, waste at sea or any other harm to the sea, traditional fishery management methods are no longer effects to deal with the sever fishery resource.There are some disadvantages existed in the China’s marine fishery management process: fishery management system is not perfect, institutions need to be adjusted, fisheries management mechanism infrastructure of information collection are not perfect, scientific research management is insufficient, has not yet officially become the management basis, fishery management model is not advanced, lack of preventive policy, fisheries management measures are not perform enough, lack of implementation of the quota system. The researchers reached the consensus about necessities and effects on solving fishery resource depletion and ecosystem crisis by EBFM implementation, with the agreement that EBFM implementation is the target and tendency of the development of global fishery management.Studies on modern fishery management theories focus on EBFM, participatory management and scientific-based management. And among countries that was assessed for how well did they perform with EBFM method (principles, criteria and implementation), no country rated overall as GOOD.This paper discusses the major problems in the development of China’s fishery management and conducts analysis based on the fishery management theories. Then, I wrote one chapter of all related factors about Chinese fishery, including marine geographic location, he Utilization of marine fishery resources, analysis of main economic fishery resources in China, fisheries management agencies in China, process of China's fisheries management. fisheries management mode in China. From those perspectives, I wanted to give full picture of what is the really about of Chinese Fishery.I found that China peruses economy interests maximized and its current managing focus on taking technique measures to conserve resource, and the offshore resources has almost depleted. we have semi-enclosed sea and huge areas sharing with Japan, South Korean and other south-east countries (as well as existing the disputes with them). The Fishery law plays a role of enforcing and regulate all the activities and behaviors of all the connecting part of fishery. Therefore, to what extent we perform and formulate fishery laws is critical for the development fishery industry and protection of environment and species themselves. Chapter four mainly focus on the fishery law of China on how it is been done and the performance, and the structure and characteristics of Chinese fishery law system. Then coming to the existing problem fishery law system in our country, which are system of fisheries right behind, issues of fisheries legislation, fishery law enforcement basis is unknown, unclear levels, insufficient coordination, difficulty for fishery to be independent.in the chapter five, I give my own suggestion for the fishery management. First is by the security management of the implementation of the technical measures to change the management rights based on the rule of law, and second is to change from the government-lead method to co-management method, third is transformation of extensive-oriented management to fine-oriented management fisheries. Last one is transformation from the "single-species" management approach to fisheries management.