Total serum IgE and specific IgE levels in 10-15 year old children with respiratory symptoms and healthy controls in Sicily and Malta

Abstract

Introduction: The RESPIRA study (EU Funded-Italia-Malta) was performed in the district of Gela (Southern Sicily) and Malta in 2012/3 in 10-15 years old schoolchildren (n=2,047) by means of standard respiratory questionnaires (ISAAC),and clinical exam of case and control subjects.

Aims and Objectives: To measure total serum IgE levels in cases (n=127, males=45) and controls (n=142, Males=64), specific IgEs in cases (n=90, Males=53), and controls (n=82, Males=38).

Materials and Methods: Cases reported wheeze and/or use of asthma medications in the last 12 months, while controls answered negatively to both and rhinitis.

Results: Total Serum IgE (n=269) was raised (>144 IU/l) in 70/127 cases vs 25/142 controls (p=.0001). In males 30/76 of cases vs 11/64 controls (p=.005), while in females cases 15/51 vs 14/78, (p=.14). Positive specific IgE (>0.34 U/ml) was noted for at least one allergen in 54/90 cases vs 30/82 controls (p=.002). House dust mite (HDM) was positive in 27/90 cases vs 12/82 controls (p=.0001), Parietaria positive 12/90 cases vs 2/82 controls (p=.011), cat 22/90 vs 13/82 controls (p=.19), while in male subgroup 14/53 of cases were positive vs 4/38 controls (p=.06). Dog 9/90 cases vs 8/82 controls (NS). Olive positive in 13/90 cases vs 8/82 controls (NS). Alternaria positive in 6/90 cases vs 2/82 controls (NS). Goldenrod Solidago Virgaurea positive in 2/90 cases vs 1/82 controls, and Cladosporium 0/90 cases, 1/82 controls.

Conclusion: Positive Total serum IgE and specific IgE to HDM and Parietaria in all patients and cat in males only were higher in cases than in controls.