Indoor localisation using UWB technology

Abstract

The work in this thesis focused on the selection, design, implementation and evaluation of hardware and software to obtain distance measurements using ultra-wideband pulses. The high frequency and high bandwidth nature of the ultra-wideband pulse presented a number challenges in terms of design and testing. The ultra-wideband pulse characteristics were first analysed to better understand the benefits and advantages of using such a pulse for the purpose of localisation. Various localisation and ranging techniques were then researched and studied allowing a clearer connection between the benefits of the ultra-wideband pulse and distance measurement. Various chip-based candidates which would allow the transmission and reception of the ultra-wideband pulse were evaluated and the most suitable candidate was chosen. The selected IC would allow the implementation of an ultra-wideband radar. Hardware was designed around this IC, employing high frequency design techniques as well as embedded software on a microcontroller to allow communication with the selected IC. The designed hardware was then tested in a controlled environment to evaluate the operation of the design. Due to several complications, such as inadequate testing equipment and imperfect noise isolation from the digital circuitry, distance measurement was not possible.