Understanding the challenges of probation officers related to potential psychological vulnerabilities in the criminal justice system

Abstract

Probation serves the purpose of providing an alternative to incarceration. This is especially useful when managing offenders who present unique challenges such as mental health problems. Hence, the role of the probation officer would be to effect supervision but also to motivate the offenders to engage in rehabilitation and help offenders with mental health issues to achieve some form of mental stability.

The aim of this study is to understand the challenges the probation officers face whilst dealing with probationers presenting mental health problems during the various stages of the criminal justice process. Moreover, the research explores different perspectives from the probation officers about the need of additional support for their profession to tackle these offenders.

The research question is answered through the semi-structured interviews that were conducted with eight probation officers presently working in the Department of Probation and Parole. Based on the information obtained, the researcher analysed the information using thematic anaylsis, identifying three themes: probationers presenting mental health signs, offenders’ requirements for rehabilitation, and resources. The findings from this research show that probation officers require additional training to help them identify the symptoms of mental health issues and to be equipped to address the different challenges arising, especially in terms of crisis intervention.

From the data collected, the literature review and the interviews, the researcher was able to draw some conclusions. Probation officers wish to be updated and knowledgeable about how they can identify mental illness during their sessions, and require investment in human resources for their profession to tackle the needs of probationers more effectively. Furthermore, this study establishes an overview of the situation which further research can build on.