State of the art on building integrated solar thermal systems

Abstract

The Renewable Energy Framework Directive sets a target of 20% for renewables by 2020. Buildings account for 40% of the total primary energy requirements in the EU and are responsible for 30% of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, developing effective energy alternatives for buildings is imperative. Energy in buildings is used primarily for heating and cooling and for the provision of hot water. One way to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels is by the use of renewable energy sources and systems. The benefits of solar thermal systems are well known but one area of concern has been their integration. Most solar collecting components are mounted on building roofs with no attempt to incorporate them into the building envelope. In many instances they are actually seen as a foreign element of the building. Many architects, irrespective of the potential benefits, object to this use of renewable energy systems (RES) due to this fact alone. It is therefore necessary to develop techniques that better integrate solar collectors within the building envelope and/or structures which should be done in a way that blends into the aesthetic appearance and form of the building architecture in the most cost effective way.