The interplay between the actors in social and family policy : networking of groups

Abstract

In European Family Policy, i.e. Family Policy in Western Europe, three styles or policies have been identified (Dumon, 1987). Family Policy in Europe originated in the Twenties, was established in the Thirties and consolidated in the Forties. This policy can be characterized as an enabling policy, i.e. a policy that ensures economic support to families. Two measures are paramount or predominant and are still in existence in all Europe, as being reflected in a report on family policy in the EC countries, family allowances (France as an example), respectively tax rebates (Germany as an example). These major instruments have gradually been supplemented by a range of benefits more in cash than in kind such as birth allowances, reduction on public transportation, etc.