A study comparing the oral health status of electronic cigarette users, conventional smokers, and non-smokers.

Abstract

The Aim of the study was to have a clearer view and understanding of the impacts that the use of Ecigs and conventional cigarette smoking might have on the oral health status in an adult population, as well as gathering patients’ self-reported oral symptoms, and to investigate whether demographics affect the results within the different participant groups. Material and Methods: Participants were recruited via advertisement on social media, leaflets distribution and reaching through student body, and Mobile Dental Unit. A close-ended questionnaire was designed in order to record data relative to the participants’ personal experience and to investigate self-reported oral symptoms. An oral examination was carried out to evaluate the oral health status of the individuals, followed by non-surgical periodontal treatment. Results: Sixty-five patients were recruited for this study and divided in three groups respectively composed of Electronic cigarettes (E-cigs) users, conventional smokers, and non-smokers. The majority of the E-cigs group (71.4%) affirmed to have switched to the new trend to quit the smoking habit; 90.5% of them did notice improvements with regards to their general and oral health. Despite this notion, some of the E-cigs users kept on smoking tobacco occasionally. Additionally, with regards to the oral health status of the individuals, results suggested that E-cigs users reflected the highest scores in relation to mean DMFT (8.3), mean BEWE score (4.0), mean percentage of BOP (5.8%). On the other hand, conventional smokers had a slightly higher presence of plaque and calculus. The general sample population seemed to have a good understanding of general knowledge related to oral health, and tobacco-related oral symptoms, regardless of the group they belonged to. Conclusion: generally speaking, E-cigs users appear to have a worsened oral health status compared to conventional smokers, and non-smokers. Contrarily, non-smokers appear to be more aware, and caring with regards to their oral health.