Glioblastoma with leptomeningeal dissemination

Abstract

Here we report a case of glioblastoma (GB) with leptomeningeal dissemination (LMD) in a 21 year old female presenting with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. After a brain MRI confirmed a non-enhancing left frontal lobe mass, histopathological examination and molecular analysis showed a glioblastoma with features of gliosarcoma that was an IDH wild type, MGMT unmethylated, TERT amplified tumor. She received standard care with combined chemoradiation with temozolomide and targeted radiation. MRI showing disease progression prompted the addition of bevacizumab after which the patient quickly deteriorated and died eight months after initial presentation. Incidence of LMD is an uncommon occurrence and associated with a significant decrease in overall survival when diagnosed at initial presentation. More research is needed to determine what role histopathologic variants and molecular profile plays in prognosis and treatment.