Climate change adaptation policy in the viticulture sector : a focus on Malta

Abstract

Viticulture activities are highly dependent on climate conditions. A change in temperature can negatively impact the phenology and veraison period in vines. This, in turn, will affect the social and economic aspects of the stakeholders involved in the wine industry. Additionally, viticulture is an integral part of Malta’s landscape, culture, festivities and traditions; consequently, with the predicted climate change effects these can also be affected. Despite Malta is one of the world’s smallest winemaking countries, the production of ‘Quality Wines’ in the Maltese Islands is vibrant and prosperous. In 2013, 683 hectares where dedicated to vineyards (NSO, 2016), with 16 registered commercial wine producers and 950 farmers cultivating vineyards. In addition, there are two indigenous grape varieties ‘Girgentina’ and ‘Ġellewża’, which ought to be protected from climate change impacts, given their cultural and economic importance. This research intends to investigate whether, and to what extent, climate change adaptation policy and measures are being implemented in the viticulture sector in Malta, as a response to the negative impacts brought about by climate change in the Maltese islands. The research methodology used in this research involves a thematic content analysis, intended to assess key national policy documents adopted by Maltese authorities. This in relation to the climate change impacts in the viticulture sector in Malta. The research finds that within the key policy documents examined, the Maltese authorities are aware about the challenges faced by the viticulture sector in relation to climate change. However, no concrete actions and measures seem to be implemented to prevent risk factors and support this sector from future climate change impacts. This research recommends the concept of fostering a horizontal eco-centric perspective. In addition, to establish new adaptation practices in the viticulture sector in Malta.