Back pain in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis : a Maltese study

Abstract

Background/aim: Back pain is experienced by almost half of the adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS).The aim was to evaluate back pain, physical and psychosocial factors and to determine any link between the type of spinal curvature and the location of pain.Methods: A questionnaire was developed to collect data on the medical and pain history, details of scoliotic curve, psychosocial effects and any other treatment.Results were analysed via Microsoft Office Excel and SPSS.Results: Pain was reported in the area between the scapulae, lower back, sacroiliac joint and on the left ribcage.Those with thoracic curvatures experienced the highest chronic pain especially between the scapulae.Positive correlation between Cobb’s angle and the incident of back pain was reported with no impact on emotions, sleeping patterns, appearance and attractiveness. Back pain was experienced when walking and sitting but not when standing.No association was found between neurological symptoms and the Cobb’s angle.Leg pain and weakness where reported in all three types of curvatures.Only participants with a thoracolumbar curvature experienced numbness.Pain and neurological symptoms affected the participants psychologically and their relationships with others.Socially when going out with friends and family, the participants were not affected.Conclusions: Further research needed, on the physical and psychological aspect of pain in AIS.Clinical guidelines and pain implications should be further investigated to address back pain in both adolescents and adults with AIS.