Refusal of life-prolonging treatment: the law and public perception

Abstract

Refusal of life-prolonging treatment is regarded as an emotionally and mentally healthier alternative than other forms of end-of-life care. It embodies the principles of human self-determination and right to choose preferred treatments. Great importance is also placed on ensuring that patient decisions are derived from competence and fundamental information. These characteristics are leading towards gradual attention on an international scale which is leading towards more acceptance and legislation of the concept. This is a slow-moving process which can be furthered by education on the subject. This study aims to contribute to bridging the level of knowledge and attention allocated to refusal of life-prolonging treatment in comparison with other end-of-life procedures. Focus is also allocated to the description of advance devices utilised with the aim of safeguarding the patients´ desires in relation to treatment preferences. These devices exemplify the principles of self-determination and protection of patients´ rights which are epitomised in this treatment. This study also aims to provide information on this type of treatment through a comparative analysis of the legislation of other States, examining advance devices, binding effect and legality of the treatment. This knowledge is then applied to provide further insight on the current situation in Malta, and identify possible beneficial practices performed in these States. There is perhaps a need to develop this form of end-of-life care in Malta through the enactment of legislation, a need which is hopefully highlighted by the performance of this study.