Designing with empathy : independent living for individuals with autism spectrum disorder

Abstract

In today’s fast-paced society, it became increasingly difficult to focus on germane matters in social sciences, specifically when it comes to architectural design. Therefore, this research aims to understand better the fundamentals of human experience, in particular individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder so as to understand better the way we design our spaces. The human brain is a complex system composed of several neural connections that aim to keep the person in balance with his exterior environment through physical sensations and cognitive processes. If the environment completely disregards the way humans may perceive external information, then the purpose of having conscious architecture that promotes well-being becomes obsolete. It is therefore essential to make cautious use of sensory stimulation through the built environment so as to allow better informalized and non-institutionalized learning environments that are more user- centred for both neurotypical and neurodivergent individuals. Despite the fact that current therapeutic services within the national sphere are being provided to help individuals with ASD, it is often an overlooked approach, that architecture in itself can aid the therapeutic process. In relation to international case studies in conjunction with a qualitative and typological analysis within the national sphere, this research was initiated by exploring different developmental fields, such as psychiatry, social sciences and human ecology. This was then followed by observational studies within the macro-, meso - and microsystem looking at internal elements and volumetric studies that were analysed through inductive research adopted by readings. The research concludes with providing recommendations of certain design considerations which need to be tackled either when starting off a project, or through application on the existing fabric.