Notions of hapticity : towards a non-visual architecture?

Abstract

Throughout the years, visual dominance has been favoured within architectural and philosophical spheres, resulting in the suppression of the other senses. Buildings which are designed with this visual bias, may not satisfy the needs of visually impaired users, who are naturally reliant on the other non-visual senses. Recognising that there is more to architecture than meets the eye, this research investigates and explores how architectural spaces can be perceived in various ways, if the most dominant sense, that of vision, is lacking or eliminated. Simultaneously, the study challenges the hegemony of the eye in light of Inclusive Design in order to promote environments which are accessible to all, not just in terms of physicality but also focusing on the sensorial qualities. After reviewing literature pertaining to visual bias, multi-sensorial design and visual impairment, semi-structured interviews were conducted with visually impaired participants. The interviews were supplemented with home tours by each of the participants, who were video-graphed with their consent in order to analyse their experiential patterns. Additionally, an interview was conducted with a professional Orientation and Mobility Trainer. Together with the observations and the literature, a number of recommendations were suggested on how to design for visual impairment within the built environment. However, is there a preferred sense amongst these users? The outcome of this question points towards the significance of multi-sensory design, which is clearly lacking within the architectural profession.