Intellectual property laws : a glossary (English-Maltese, Maltese-English)

Abstract

Defining translation seems simple at a first glance. However, theorists and laymen alike differ on what constitutes translation. Bell (Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice 1991) defines the phenomenon as 'the replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text In a second language'. This definition refers to an important aspect, namely equivalence. Achieving equivalence in the target language is not an easy task because 'no two languages are identical, either in the meanings given to corresponding symbols or in the ways in which such symbols are arranged', (Eugene Nida, 1964, pg 156). Translating a text is therefore no easy task especially when dealing with specialised or tee hnical areas or registers. The purpose of this work is to create a reference in the form of a glossary of technkfll worrls imrl phrnses p~rtflining to one such particular area, that is the field of intellectual property. The texts examined consist of the chapters in the Laws of Malta that regulate this sector mainly chapters 414-417. One of the hurdles being encountered by translators and interpreters alike is the unavailability of reference books when trying to translate technical terms or phrases in various sectors. It often happens that EU documents deal in relatively new areas or ones that are not familiar to Malta, for example documents dealing with legislation on means of transportation that do not exist in Malta, on nuclear energy, or on forestation. When attempting to translate such documents the Maltese translator may end up empty handed even after having carried out his research, simply because the right equivalent terms do not exist. Undoubtedly, Malta needs more glossaries compiled from all areas to help counteract this present situation. These are the problems being faced by translators when working with specialised texts generally in English or French as the source language and Maltese as the target language. Very often the answer to these problems cannot be found at the touch of a computer button or a long distance call to a Maltese language expert, but more likely in lengthy discussions, numerous consultations and responsible decision making.