Josef Kalleya : a critique and a gazetteer of his works

Abstract

This dissertation marks Josef Kalleya as one of Malta’s greatest artists of the 20th century. It presents an in-depth analysis of the artist’s importance in the Maltese Modern art sphere. Its thorough critique and philosophical evaluation of his artworks brings forth Kalleya as one of the few avant-garde artists in Malta. The thesis sheds light on Kalleya’s rigid stance and unbounded faith in his intensely personal style and technique which ran contrary to Malta’s visual sterility of his time; Kalleya’s art was highly advanced for the age in which it was produced, finding very little support, understanding and appreciation (Chapter 1). A biographical account of Kalleya’s long eventful life has been outlined, highlighting his artistic achievements, exhibitions and contributions to the development of Modern art in Malta (Chapter 2). Kalleya’s art has been further exploited through a comprehensive study of his profound spirituality, eclectic religious beliefs, and unique philosophical views; an amalgamation of many abysmal writings (Chapter 3). The study of his expansive vison offers the key to his authentic style, technique, and subject matter, unleashing fleeting souls, terrifying beasts and otherworldly creatures (Chapter 4). These fantastical illusions led to his insurmountable dream projects that reach the epitome of Kalleya’s genius (Chapter 5). Accompanying this dissertation are around 100 plates selectively chosen to outline Kalleya’s most significant works. This artistic output could not have been studied in isolation, and comparisons have been made foreign artworks in order to place the artist in an international context. Kalleya’s incessant need for creation led to his extremely prolific output, be it his ever-changing progressive clay or ‘plastilina’ sculptures, charcoal/crayons drawings or panel paintings. Apart from such works that created a radical reaction from the public, this study strongly attempts to highlight the most innovative, daring and avant-garde artistic creations that Kalleya has ever produced, also bearing in mind the time in which they were created.