Work characteristics, learning-related outcomes, and strain : a test of moderating effects

Abstract

As part of the European Union, Malta has to adopt new standards in order to be compatible with the European legislation (by the year of 2010). The adaptation of proper standards is also applicable to the industrial sector. Moderating effects between work characteristics (job demand and job control), learning-related outcomes (skill utilization and self-efficacy) and strain (anxiety and depression) were analyzed. The study was carried out in a local major company (into the field of electronics) using a sample range of 176 respondents. Sample size consisted of operators (n = 50), technicians (n = 50), clerical staff (n = 10), engineers (n = 38) and management (n = 28). A questionnaire, containing several scales of measurement was utilized to gather the data. Analysis was carried out using the univariate analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA) to reveal the moderating effects. Results indicated that job-holders have control over their work through the proper utilization of their skills, which is a determinant for lower levels of anxiety. Significant moderating effects were found between the interaction of depression-enthusiasm, in relation with job-related-control, and skill utilization. Moreover, significant moderating effects were also found between the interaction of the general wellbeing (GHQ-12), in relation with job-related control and self-efficacy. Despite the positive scores on enthusiasm, it was assumed that although job-holders have the proper skills, there are some underlying factors effecting the level of self-esteem (related to self-efficacy), which is said to affect the decision-making process. Being the first research into this area of study, this can serve as an informative indication based on the current issue regarding the modification of work characteristics.