Managing irregular migration : the central challenges as perceived by Maltese state officials

Abstract

The movement of persons from one country or location to another has always been part of human history. However, nowadays, migration has been put in the limelight due to the large numbers of irregular migrants making their way towards European countries, particularly Southern European countries. Countries such as Italy, Spain and Malta, which have formerly been known as countries of emigration are nowadays receiving large numbers of irregular migrants, often in the form of 'boat people'. As a result such countries are at present characterised by a widespread fear of migration and a growing negative attitude towards migrants. Current political discussions, media transmissions and popular perceptions portray Malta as being in an exceptional position when it comes to irregular migration. Through studying the different perceptions of a sample of Maltese state officials towards irregular migration and issues related to it, this study examines the important role played by the state in this regard and its potential influence in shaping the perceptions and attitudes of the public at large. From this study it emerged that the perception that these officials had of the challenges presented by irregular migration tended to be somewhat detached from the specific problems posed by particular groups of irregular migrants in the medium term and instead focused repetitively on Maltese exceptionality and limitations. Since this experience is a relatively new one for Malta, little local research has been conducted in this field, thus this study hopes to lead one to a better understanding of such happenings by trying to provide a clear picture of the present situation.