The relationship between haemocomponent ratios and mortality rate in massively transfused trauma patients

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this dissertation is to observe the effect of a high vs. low FFP:PLT:PRBC on the mortality and morbidity rate of massively transfused trauma adult trauma patients. Secondary outcomes include the incidence of transfusion-related adverse reactions, multiple organ failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome and transfusion-related acute lung injury. Method: A systematic search will be made on online databases using synonyms derived from the PICO question. The PRISMA checklist and the inclusion/exclusion criteria will be used to screen the obtained studies. The included studies will then be critically appraised using the CASP tool and the results will be discussed. Guidelines for implementation will be given. Results: The optimal FFP:PRBC ratio lies in the range between 1:1.5 and 1:1 and the optimal PLT:PRBC lies in the range between 1:2 and 1:1. Healthcare professionals should also be aware that administering such a high ratio reduces mortality rate but increases the risk for MOF and bloodstream and catheter-related infections and also lengthens ventilation period, ICULOS and HLOS.