Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/92948
Title: The role of risk factors and biochemical markers in the susceptibility of hormone dependent malignancies
Authors: Micallef Fava, A.
Pace, Nikolai Paul
Savona-Ventura, Charles
Keywords: Obstetrics
Gynecology
Biochemical markers
Issue Date: 2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Citation: Fava, A. M., Pace, N., & Savona-Ventura, C. (2022). The role of risk factors and biochemical markers in the susceptibility of hormone dependent malignancies. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 270, e86.
Abstract: Multiple studies have associated the global increase of postmenopausal breast and endometrial cancer with the worldwide increase in obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Aim: To evaluate which markers can be utilized to develop a risk assessment screening diagnostic tool to identify individuals at increased risk of developing breast or endometrial cancer. Method: Three populations were recruited: Patients with a history of endometrial carcinoma; patients with a history of breast carcinoma; and a control group. All patients recruited were postmenopausal of Maltese ethnicity. Each subject was interviewed, anthropometric data measured and a biochemical profile obtained. Results: 195 patients were recruited: 80 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer, 44 patients were diagnosed with endometrial cancer (two patients had endometrial and breast cancer) and 73 patients had normal histological findings. The study observed a positive correlation between early menarche and high BMI with both breast and endometrial cancer risk. Tobacco smoking and high level of SHBG were also found to increase breast cancer risk while a positive association between history of hypertension, presence of the metabolic syndrome and family history of endometrial cancer was found with endometrial cancer. Menarche age less than 12years reached the highest specificity (74.6%) while BMI >25kg/m2 had the highest sensitivity (79.2%) for breast cancer. Family history of endometrial cancer reached the highest specificity (91.5%) while metabolic syndrome and BMI >25kg/m2 had the highest sensitivity values (82.9% and 87.8% respectively) for endometrial cancer. For every 1kg/m2 increase in BMI, the odds of having breast cancer increased by 9% (OR=1.090) while the odds of having endometrial cancer increased by 19% (OR=1.190). Conclusion: This study gave better understanding on the risk significance of various factors related to breast and endometrial carcinogenesis in the Maltese population.
URI: https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/92948
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