Intergenerational justice

Abstract

The well-being of future generations has become an imperative goal of present-day society. Modern science and technology have given us an unprecedented power to change the environment extensively, lastingly, and, in part, irreversibly. Moreover, with the recent manipulation of genetic material, we can alter the gene pool of all forms of life on earth. Crucial questions about the future of humankind, previously asked by a few specialists, have become the concern of everyone. Does humankind have a future? If present trends continue, what kind of planet will be inherited by unborn generations? Who can guarantee the future of the human species? Do we have any obligation towards far-distant unborn generations? Can future generations claim anything from us as their right? Do we need a “guardian” to plead for future generations? Fortunately, the international community is becoming more conscious of and conscientious about its responsibilities towards unborn generations. This new moral sensibility towards future generations has brought the topic of intergenerational justice into contemporary philosophical debate. Which ethical theory is adequate to underpin today’s discussion on intergenerational justice? Does Rawls’ theory of justice as fairness throw light on the moral issue of justice between generations? What insights does Whitehead’s relational metaphysics offer to speak meaningfully and convincingly about intergenerational justice?