Physical dependency of the older clients in a local institution

Abstract

Elderly clients within a local institution need to be directed away from physical dependency by the provision of the minimal help needed. The aim of the study is to assess the extent of physical dependency in the activities of daily living older of clients in a local institution and propose recommendations to promote and enhance greater independence. Data collection was done by participant observation by the use of the Barthel (ADL) Index (1965). In an interview or a questionnaire the respondents might give answers that do not reflect his or her actual behaviour, whilst in observational data collection the client is continually observed (Hardy and Mulhall 1994). Thirty-four clients over 60 years were observed out of a total of 37 clients. Results showed high dependency in bathing (82% ), grooming and climbing stairs (79%) and in dressing (63%). Additionally lower levels of dependency were identified in micturition (54%); and 53% in defaecation, toilet use and mobility with 51 % transfer to and out of bed. Adversely the clients were found to have the lowest level of dependency in feeding (35%) This could be due to various reasons to be further researched such as institutionalisation rendering the client passive with no participation in his/her care. The recommendations of this study address the nurse education, hospital management and further research to promote awareness of the benefits of being independent in the daily activities.