Our publications

Blockchain for Artificial Intelligence (AI): enhancing compliance with the EU AI Act through distributed ledger technology. A cybersecurity perspective
Kristina Livitckaia, Iordanis Papoutsoglou, Konstantinos Votis, Ioannis Revolidis, Joshua Ellul, Catarina Ferreira da Silva, Daniel Szegö and Amit Joshi
EU Blockchain Observatory and Forum Report. October 2023.

Decentralised Social Media
Kristina Livitckaia, Iordanis Papoutsoglou, Konstantinos Votis, Ioannis Revolidis, Joshua Ellul, Catarina Ferreira da Silva, Daniel Szegö and Amit Joshi
EU Blockchain Observatory and Forum Report. October 2023.

Blockchain Civitas Dei and Civitas Terrena: Governance Experiments as a Problem of 'Frontier Epistemology' and 'Heuristic Appraisal'
Denisa Kera, Joshua Ellul and Diego Fernando Bernard Francia
In Global Philosophy. August 2023.

The MEV Saga: Can Regulation Illuminate the Dark Forest?
Simona Ramos and Joshua Ellul.
In Advanced Information Systems Engineering Workshops. CAiSE 2023. June 2023.

When is good enough good enough? On software assurances
Joshua Ellul, Gordon J. Pace, Ioannis Revolidis and Gerardo Schneider.
In ERA Forum. January 2023.

Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), Smart Contracts and Contracts: The need for Legal and Technology Assurances
Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace.
Pre-print. January 2023.

Active External Calls for Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technologies: Debunking cited inability of Blockchain and DLT to make external calls
Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace.
Centre for DLT Technical Report, January 2023.

An Automata-Based Formalism for Normative Documents with Real-Time
Stefan Chircop, Gordon J. Pace, Gerardo Schneider
In JURIX 2022. December 2022.

Verifiable External Blockchain Calls: Towards Removing Oracle Input Intermediaries
Joshua Ellul, and Gordon J. Pace
In 6th International Workshop on Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Technology - CBT 2022. September 2022.

AspectSol: A Solidity Aspect-Oriented Programming Tool with Applications in Runtime Verification
Shaun Azzopardi, Joshua Ellul, Ryan Falzon, and Gordon J. Pace
In 22nd International Conference on Runtime Verification. September 2022.

Tainting in Smart Contracts: Combining Static and Runtime Verification
Shaun Azzopardi, Joshua Ellul, Ryan Falzon, and Gordon J. Pace
In 22nd International Conference on Runtime Verification. September 2022.

On Arrogance and Drunkenness - A Primer on International Jurisdiction and the Blockchain
Ioannis Revolidis
In 22nd International Conference on Runtime Verification. September 2022.

Exploring Blockchains Cyber Security Techno- Regulatory Gap. An Application to Crypto-Asset Regulation in the EU
Simona Ramos, Lela Melon, Joshua Ellul
In SciencesPo Law & Technology Conference in Paris., June 2022.

Bitcoin price change and trend prediction through twitter sentiment and data volume
Jacques Vella Critien, Albert Gatt, and Joshua Ellul
In Financial Innovation, Volume 8. Springer. May 2022.

Regulating for the Future: EU Regulatory Sandbox Proposal
Tom Jansson Alireza Siadat, Axel von Goldbeck, Dimitrios Psarrakis, Donna Redel, Guido Schmitz-Krummacher, Ismael Arribas, Jan Klesla, Jean-Christophe Mathonet, Joshua Ellul, Lorena Stanescu, Merav Ozair, Nathan Vandy, Nina-Luisa Siedler, and Synthia Bastron
Technical report by INATBA. April 2022

Regulating for the Future: Policy Notes on Non-Fungible Tokens
Tom Jansson Alireza Siadat, Axel von Goldbeck, Dimitrios Psarrakis, Donna Redel, Guido Schmitz-Krummacher, Ismael Arribas, Jan Klesla, Jean-Christophe Mathonet, Joshua Ellul, Lorena Stanescu, Merav Ozair, Nathan Vandy, Nina-Luisa Siedler, and Synthia Bastron
Technical report by INATBA. March 2022

Regulating for the Future: Policy Notes on Decentralised Autonomous Organisations
Tom Jansson Alireza Siadat, Axel von Goldbeck, Dimitrios Psarrakis, Donna Redel, Guido Schmitz-Krummacher, Ismael Arribas, Jan Klesla, Jean-Christophe Mathonet, Joshua Ellul, Lorena Stanescu, Merav Ozair, Nathan Vandy, Nina-Luisa Siedler, and Synthia Bastron
Technical report by INATBA. February 2022.

Regulating for the Future: Policy Notes on Decentralised Finance
Tom Jansson Alireza Siadat, Axel von Goldbeck, Dimitrios Psarrakis, Donna Redel, Guido Schmitz-Krummacher, Ismael Arribas, Jan Klesla, Jean-Christophe Mathonet, Joshua Ellul, Lorena Stanescu, Merav Ozair, Nathan Vandy, Nina-Luisa Siedler, and Synthia Bastron
Technical report by INATBA. February 2022.

SoliNomic: A Self-modifying Smart Contract Game Exploring Reflexivity in Law
Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace
In Disruptive Technologies in Media, Arts and Design, Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems Volume 382. Springer, Cham. January 2022.

EtherClue: Digital investigation of attacks on Ethereum smart contracts
Simon Joseph Aquilina, Fran Casino, Mark Vella, Joshua Ellul and Constantinos Patsakis
in Blockchain: Research and Applications, Volume 2, Issue 4. Elsevier. December 2021.

The Blockchain Oracle Problem in Decentralized Finance - A Multivocal Approach
Giulio Caldarelli and Joshua Ellul
In Applied Sciences. July 2021.

NFT - Legal Token Classification
Claudia Di Bernardino, Andres Chomczyk Penedo, Joshua Ellul, Agata Ferreira, Axel von Goldbeck, Robert Herian, Alireza Siadat and Nina-Luisa Siedler
Technical report by the European Blockchain Observatory and Forum. July 2021

Optional Monitoring for Long-Lived Transactions
Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace
in VORTEX 2021: International Workshop on Verification and mOnitoring at Runtime EXecution, July 2021

Two Sides to Every Story. The Truth, Post-truth, and the Blockchain Truth
Joshua Ellul, Alex Grech, Gordon J. Pace
Book chapter in Media, Technology and Education in a Post-Truth Society

Central Bank Digital Currencies and a Euro for the Future
George Giaglis, Lambis Dionysopoulos, Marianna Charalambous, Nikolaos Kostopoulos, Ioannis Vlachos, Tonia Damvakeraki, Zalan Noszek, Andrii Sovershennyi, Kyrylo Chykhradze, Iordanis Papoutsoglou, Konstantinos Votis, Alexi Anania, Alessandro Bonetti, Arnaud Le Hors, Erick de Moura, Ezechiel Copic, Ivona Skultetyova, Jai Ramaswamy, Jean-Marc Seigneur, Joshua Ellul, Luca Fantacci, Marina Niforos, Matthew Hammond, Manuel Machado Ruiz, Paolo Dini, Scott Stornetta Stefan Loesch, Suzana Maranhão Moreno, Tadej Slapnik
Technical report by the European Blockchain Observatory and Forum. June 2021

Towards External Calls for Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technology
Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace
Pre-print, May 2021.

Application of Gradient Boosting Algorithms for Anti-money Laundering in Cryptocurrencies
Dylan Vassallo, Vincent Vella and Joshua Ellul
In Springer SN Computer Science, Volume 2, Issue 3, May 2021.

Runtime Monitoring Processes Across Blockchains
Shaun Azzopardi, Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace
In the 9th IPM International Conference on Fundamentals of Software Engineering (FSEN 2021), May 2021

Blockchain is dead! Long live Blockchain!
Joshua Ellul
In The Journal of The British Blockchain Association, March 2021.

Blockchain, Decentralisation and the Public Interest: The need for a Decentralisation Conceptual Framework for dApps
Joshua Ellul
In Institute for the Public Services IPS Journal, Volume 1, Issue 1, February 2021.

Trusted Academic Transcripts on the Blockchain. A Systematic Literature Review
Giulio Caldarelli and Joshua Ellul
In Applied Sciences Volume 11, Issue 4, February 2021.

A General Theory of Contract Conflicts with Environmental Constraints
Gordon J. Pace
In the Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Legal Knowledge and Information Systems (JURIX’20), December 2020

Themulus: A Timed Contract-calculus
Alberto Aranda Garcia, Maria-Emilia Cambronero, Christian Colombo, Luis Llana and Gordon J. Pace
In International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development, MODELSWARD 2020, December 2020

Mapping the Future of Legal Personality with New Technologies
Max Ganado, Joshua Ellul, Gordon J. Pace, Steve Tendon and Bryan Wilson
In MIT Computational Law Report, Volume 1 Issue 3, November 2020.

Invited Paper: Towards Configurable and Efficient Runtime Verification of Blockchain-based Smart Contracts at the Virtual Machine Level
Joshua Ellul
In the Reliable Smart Contracts: State-of-the-art, Applications, Challenges and Future Directions of the 9th International Symposium On Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation, October 2020

Runtime Verification of Contracts with Themulus
Alberto Aranda Garcia, Maria-Emilia Cambronero, Christian Colombo, Luis Llana and Gordon J. Pace
In 18th edition of the International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods (SEFM 2020), September 2020.

Detection of illicit accounts over the Ethereum blockchain
Steven Farrugia, Joshua Ellul and George Azzopardi
In Elsevier Expert Systems with Applications, Volume 150, July 2020

Invited Paper: Regulating Blockchain, DLT and Smart Contracts: A Technology Regulator's Perspective
Joshua Ellul, Max Ganado, Jonathan Galea, Stephen McCarthy and Gordon J. Pace
In ERA Forum, June 2020

A framework for creating deployable smart contracts for non-fungible tokens on the Ethereum blockchain
Dan Chirtoaca, Joshua Ellul and George Azzopardi
In 2nd IEEE International Conference on Decentralized Applications and Infrastructures (DAPPS), April 2020

Towards A Unified Programming Model for Blockchain Smart Contract dApp Systems
Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace
In 2nd International Workshop on Blockchain Dependability, October 2019

Invited Paper: Blockchain and the Common Good Reimagined
Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace
The Common Good in the Digital Age, the Vatican City State, September 2019

Porthos: Macroprogramming Blockchain Systems
Adrian Mizzi, Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace
In 2nd International Workshop on Blockchains and Smart Contracts (BSC), June 2019

The Truth in the Myth of the Lawyer-Programmer Chimera
Joshua Ellul, Ian Gauci and Gordon J. Pace
In DLT Malta: Thoughts from the Blockchain Island, ed. Patrick Young, ISBN 978-8362627028, May 2019

Verification of Smart Contract Business Logic: Exploiting a Java Source Code Verifier
Wolfgang Ahrendt, Richard Bubel, Joshua Ellul, Gordon J. Pace, Raul Pardo, Vincent Rebiscoul and Gerardo Schneider
In the Proceedings of the 8th IPM International Conference on Fundamentals of Software Engineering, May 2019

On Observing Contracts: Deontic Contracts Meet Smart Contracts
Shaun Azzopardi, Gordon J. Pace and Fernando Schapachnik
In the Proceedings of JURIX’18, December 2018

Contracts over Smart Contracts: Recovering from Violations Dynamically
Christian Colombo, Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace
In 8th International Symposium, ISoLA 2018, November 2018

Monitoring Smart Contracts: ContractLarva and Open Challenges Beyond
Shaun Azzopardi, Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace
In The 18th International Conference on Runtime Verification, November 2018

Smart Contracts - A Killer Application for Deductive Source Code Verification
Wolfgang Ahrendt, Gordon J. Pace and Gerardo Schneider
In Festschrift for Arnd Poetzsch-Heffter, LNCS, October 2018

Runtime Verification of Ethereum Smart Contracts
Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace
In International Workshop on Blockchain Dependability, in conjunction with 14th European Dependable Computing Conference, September 2018

Entering the Age of the Blockchain of Things
Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace
In THINK Magazine, Issue 24, June, 2018

Macroprogramming the Blockchain of Things
Adrian Mizzi, Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace
In IEEE 1st International Workshop on Blockchain for the Internet of Things, August, 2018

The Blockchain of Things, Beyond Bitcoin: A Systematic Review
Fthi Abadi, Joshua Ellul and George Azzopardi
In IEEE 1st International Workshop on Blockchain for the Internet of Things, August, 2018

AlkylVM: A Virtual Machine for Smart Contract Blockchain Connected Internet of Things
Joshua Ellul and Gordon J. Pace
In 1st International Workshop on Blockchains and Smart Contracts (BSC) 2018


https://www.um.edu.mt/dlt/ourpublications/