Faculty of Theology

Religion and spirituality during covid19

Religion and spirituality during covid19

The Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Religion and Spirituality during the Challenging Times
 
Research Project of the Department of Pastoral Theology, Liturgy and Canon Law (Malta, 2021)

Executive Summary
Full Study
 
Objective: The idea of conducting a study on the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on our local population emerged in June 2020 during one of the regular meetings of the academic members of staff of the Department of Pastoral Theology, Liturgy and Canon Law at the University of Malta. The scope was to understand some of the effects which the Covid-19 pandemic might be having on the people and to reflect constructively on a global crisis which was difficult to understand and very hard to live. 
 
Method: Taking into consideration the social distancing restrictions which were being imposed at the moment, it was decided to conduct an online survey using an anonymous questionnaire which could be filled by anyone. Apart from the demographic information, it covered 6 sections related to what are considered as classical dimensions of religion, that is, beliefs, personal experience, the community, ritual, and the socio-cultural dimension. The number of entries was 1102 with a margin of error of 3% (95% confidence interval). The participants’ cohort consisted of 385 Males (35%), and 711 Females (65%). For the sake of comparison, these were subdivided into 5 groups according to age brackets which were arbitrarily divided and labelled. These were, Youths ages 16-30 (221, 20%); Adults 31-49 (433, 39%); Middle-Aged 50-59 (237, 22%); Seniors 60-69 (139,13%); and Retired 70-90 (71, 6%). 
 
Discussion: In the course of this study some basic questions were raised like: Is there a link between natural disasters and increased religiosity? Has there been a shift in religious behaviour, such as from public to private prayer? Do these disasters lead to an increase in prejudice towards others, God included? Did this pandemic trigger more existential conflicts and religious struggles? How did isolation and social distancing effect relationships at home and in the community?

Key findings: Other interesting findings emerged from the study, such as that:
• Religiosity increased with the onset of the pandemic, with no respondents claiming an apocalyptic, end of world interpretation of it.
• The majority of those above the age of 30 found prayer as a source of consolation. They do not think that churches and public worship have become superfluous and continue to see churches linked to their religious identity.
• Despite raising a fair amount of anxiety and distress the pandemic did not seem to have triggered serious religious struggles. The majority actually felt thankful, hopeful and resigned.
• The younger generation (under the age of 30) differs from the rest of the population in terms of religiosity.
• Spending longer time at home lead to the (re)discovery of family life and rituals, such as playing games and watching TV together, and maybe most importantly, to enjoy having meals together.
• The majority of respondents missed people from the Church community and a higher percentage sought forms of connection with others. Participants also sought help from close family members, other relatives and friends. 42% said it was mental/psychological help. 6% needed food and 3% sought financial help.
• An overwhelming majority approved the restrictions imposed by the Church authorities on religious gatherings and almost 89% did not mind skipping the village feast.
• The study also revealed other important information related to the personal views held by the participants, such as, the importance of the family, the disenchantment with politics, and the importance of being of service to others.
 

Coverage on the local media:


https://www.um.edu.mt/theology/research/religionandspiritualityduringcovid19/