Inquiry-based learning through STREAM education : a cross-curricular approach in the primary years

Abstract

Science and Technology have made a huge impact on our daily lives and on Malta’s development. Education should give our future citizens the opportunity to enhance their knowledge and develop 21st century skills. This case study considers STREAM (Science, Technology, Reading and Writing, Art, and Mathematics) education and inquiry-based learning as two vital enablers for developing such citizens. The study explores whether it is possible to implement inquiry-based learning through a STREAM approach; if this promotes Science learning when merged with other subjects; and whether teachers can learn to implement IBL through STREAM effectively with support. Year 1 and Year 4 teachers, including the researcher, from one state school, took part in this study. The study involved the researcher working with colleagues from Year 1 and Year 4 to develop two STREAM projects, and to evaluate their impact upon delivery. It started with Initial questionnaires which identified the teachers’ general views on IBL, STREAM, and cross-curricular teaching. This was then followed by the first focus group to obtain a deeper view of teachers’ opinions. The themes for the project were identified, Planet Earth for Year 1 and Light and Electricity for Year 4. Four main activities that promote IBL, STREAM and cross-curricular teaching were developed. The year 1 and year 4 teachers, including the researcher, then implemented these activities. Focus groups with the teachers and students to evaluate the project were carried out. Research findings indicate that overall the activities were successful with students enjoying themselves and pursuing the activity even beyond lesson time. It also shows how teachers need more CPD in IBL, STREAM activities and cross-curricular teaching in the primary years. Time, resources, lack of support and present syllabus were identified as the main challenges of implementing such pedagogies. IBL can indeed be implemented through STREAM activities in a cross-curricular approach.