Preliminary study on the design, fabrication and application of a 3D-printed paediatric kidney phantom for use in nuclear medicine

Abstract

Pediatric patients with pelvic kidneys present unique challenges in nuclear medicine. This study uses 3D printing to examine how surrounding structures affect Differential Renal Function (DRF) and optimize imaging for improved patient care. The primary goals included developing precise kidney phantoms via advanced 3D printing, assessing the impact of surrounding structures on DRF, and identifying optimal scan configurations for precise dose calculations. Collaboration was fostered to create a dedicated 3D printing research group for a Nuclear Medicine pediatric pelvic kidney phantom. This effort included rigorous experimentation and close collaboration within the research team. The phantom was created using 3D printing technology, and three scans were conducted to compare DRF under varying conditions: a baseline scan, a scenario with all organs, and one focusing solely on the kidneys. The findings showed that the smaller, narrower pediatric pelvis has minimal impact on the DRF of the pelvic kidney. Additionally, a slight overestimation of DRF occurred with bladder activity. Optimal scan settings were methodically identified to improve dose calculation precision and imaging techniques. This study highlights the importance of further research to establish accurate kidney uptake values and staying updated on medical physics and radiation protection guidelines. The successful creation of a Nuclear Medicine pediatric pelvic kidney phantom demonstrates 3D printing’s potential in medical physics. Further research is advised to improve imaging protocols for pediatric pelvic kidney cases. Professionals should stay informed about evolving kidney uptake values and guidelines, contributing to enhanced patient care in nuclear medicine.