Living renal transplantation : the experiences of Maltese donors

Abstract

This study investigates the experiences of living kidney donors (LKDs) in Malta, regarding the decision-making process, identifying psychological support and physical needs throughout donation, satisfaction with care and support and the overall impact of donation. An abundance of literature describes the donation process and its Jong-term consequences, however, as yet, no such research has been carried out in Malta. This study aims to bring to light the needs of LKDs, possibly leading to future adaptations in their management and care. A qualitative design was adopted, utilising semi-structured interviews to achieve the objec tives of this study. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed and analysed by thematic analysis. A purposive sample of 12 LKDs enrolled in the Transplant Support Group par ticipated. Three main themes were identified, (i) altruism, (ii) care and support, and (iii) overall emo tions post-donation. Results revealed resolute and instantaneous decisions which were of altruistic nature. Information and care throughout donation was found to be overall satisfac tory, however, psychological support was lacking. Donors identified need for intensified support pre- and especially post-donation and better collaboration between hospital support services and the transplant support group. In long-term, many donors experienced improved well-being. Long-standing depression was only observed in one donor. Overall, donation had minimal impact on donors, with most returning to normal routines within weeks. Donor satisfaction was high regardless of the success of transplantation and most would donate again. Only one donor regretted the donation and expressed negative feelings throughout. These findings indicate the need for more intensified support for donors and their families throughout the donation process. Although findings show that the negative impact of dona tion is low, most donors stressed that psychological support was lacking. Ultimately the findings indicate that donation had minimal impact on donors' daily lives long-term. Im portantly, these findings suggest that healthcare practices need to provide for donors' psy- chological needs.